Heating stove



Dec. 26, 1944. H. R. BLUMSTYENGEL 2,365,675-

HEATINfi STOVE Filed Dec. 25, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVFNIOR,

ATTORNEY; i

Dec; 26, 1944. H. R. BLUMSTENGEL HEATING STOVE Filed Dec. 23, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Ly.- 1i.

INVENTOR,

ATTORNEY.

in view, reference Patented Dec. 26, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE mifiii liovr Application December No. 371,308

14 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in heating stoves and has for its principal object the provision of a heating stove wherein gases from the fuel bed are directed to a point above the fuelbed, mixed with air and burned.

A further object of the present invention is 'the provision of. a heating stove having gas top of the combustion chamber.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a heating stove'having inter-engaging bricks and castings to 'form the inner linin for the combustion chamber, whereby these parts are easily positioned and removed. I

A still further object of this invention includes special arrangement of the parts whereby a. maximum heating is obtained with a minimum loss of combustible gases through the flue.

Other objects are simplicity and economy of construction, ease and efficiency of operation, and adaptability for use inburning the various types of fuel.

With these as well as other objects which will appear during the course of the specification,

will now be had to the drawings wherein;

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a heating stove embodying this invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the heating stove.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged central sectional view taken on line III-III of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional View taken on line IV--IV of Fig. 3. V

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional. view taken on line V-V of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on line VIVI of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is an inverted plan view of the top ring of the combustion chamber in reduced scale.

Fig. 8 is an outside elevational view of one of the cast iron liners.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the liner shown in Fig. 8. I

Fig. 10 is an outside elevational view of one of fire brick liners.

meral l0 designates a base member having an annular body portion l2 supported by legs 14 and outer casing l6 rests in said annular body portion and extends upwardly to'support the top member l8 which is provided withv a feed door I9 and smoke outlet 20. A base plate 20 is also positioned in the annular body portion l2 to form a bottom for the ash pit 22 which is separated from the combustion chamber 24 by the ring plate 26 and grate members 28 and 3D. The ash-pit door 32 provides access thereto and has controlled air draft means 34 whereby the quantity of air fed through the grate. to thecombustion chamber is regulated. 'The top member I8 is provided with an adjustable air inlet 36 to admit air to the combustion chamber above the normal fuel level.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be noted that the base member has standards 38 which extend upwardly to ring plate 26 and are secured thereto 'by screws 4ll,'to support the load of the grates,

edge of lining 42 is inclined inwardly at 44 so that the lower edge thereof rests on ring plate 2-6 beyond the openings 46 formed therethrough. Air entering the ash pit 22 through air inlets34 will pass through opening 46 which are disposed 5 in spaced apart relation entirely around ring Fig. 11 is a top plan view of the fire brick liner o view of the air inlet plate 26. Since at times it will be necessary to" substantially close the air intake" means 34 to the ash-pit thereby reducing the air supply to the air passage-way M it is found convenient to provide air inlet openings 48 which communicate with passage-way M from the outside whereby to supplement or replace the air supply through ring plate 26. These openings are provided with suitable, adjustable cover plates 49 to vary the volume of air.

The combustion chamber 24 is lined adjacent its bottom portion with curved fire bricks 50 whichextend therearound. A tier offlre bricks 52 resting on top of fire bricks 58 form an intermediate lining beltwhile fire bricks 54 and metal liners 56 rest on brick 52 and constitute an upper lining for the combustion chamber. The lower tier of lining bricks Stare ofiset along their inner edge at 58 to receive the up-tumed characters refer to similar parts and the nuannular flange 60 of the ring plate 26. Thi

The outer wall of brick 50 is grooved at 68 to present vertically disposed ducts. These grooves are so arranged that groove in brick 52 and groove 12 in brick 54 registers with groove 68 to produce a continuous duct II from the bottom portion of the combustion chamber to the top thereof. An annular cap ring I4 having an outer depending flange I6 is positioned to rest on top of inner lining 42 and bricks 54 with flange I6 positioned between the outer casing l6 and the inner lining 42. Cap ring 14 is also provided with an inner depending flange 18 which engages the inner edge of bricks 54.

It will be observed openings 80 from the combustion chamber to each of the ducts are produced by forming an upwardly inclined notch 82 in the inner edge of brick 50 and a downwardly and inwardly inclined notch 84 on the outer face bricks 52 to hold it in proper relation to the body of the stove. Cap ring I4 is provided with a depending arcuate rib II6 concentric with flange groove II8 into which is fitted the upper edge of I arcuate body member I06.

of brick 52. It will be noted that the opening 80 is inclined upwardly from the combustion chamber 24 thereby preventing the passage of fuel to the duct II. The openings 86 between bricks 52 and 54 also are inclined upwardly and are formed by notches 88 formed in the upper inner edge of brick 52 and notches 90 formed in the outer lower portion of bricks 54. The upper edge of each of the bricks 54 are notched at 92 to form justing the ring 98 circumferentially by means of operating knob I00. The amount of air entering openings 96 can be varied or entirely shut off. A slot I02 formed in the outer case permits a limited movement of knob I00 for the adjustment of band 98.

It will be noted, referring to Fig. 12, that the band 98 is provided with openings I04 which register with openings 96 formed through metal lining 42. When the bandilfl is positioned to admit air through openings 96 to duct II there will be a burning of the gases entering openings 80 within the duct, however, with certain types of fuel it may be found more practical to close openings 96 to cause the hot gases from the combustion chamber to rise to the top of the gas duct II where they will be inter-mixed with fresh air through openings 94 and be discharged through grooves 92 for the burning operation. Each one of these openings 92 constitutes a burner whereby excess gases from the body of the combustion material is burned above the fuel bed. The position of these burners is such that a sufflcient heat from the fuel will be present to cause the ignition of the inter-mixed gases and air. Metal liner 56, best shown in Figs.-3, 4, 8 and 9,

v comprise an arcuate body portion I06 circumferentially ribbed at I08 and provided with vertical ribs IIO. An inwardly and downwardly directed flange I I2 extends inwardly to rest on the inner edge of brick 52 and has a depending flange II4 which overlaps the upper portion of As a further anchorage for lining 56, edge flanges I20 are provided to flt between the outer casing I6 and the inner metal casing I4 as clearly shown in Fig. 4. This definitely anchors lining 56 against radial and rotary movement. It will be observed that the rib I08 precludes the passage or gases or air upwardly. The radial flange ,I22 extends from flange -I I2 to the inner wall of easing I6 to serve as a partition so that gases entering theduct below liner 56 will be directed through openings I24 formed in tile 54 to communicate with grooves I2 formed therein. Thus the path of gas from the gas ducts below the metal liners 56 will be deflected to the next adjacent ducts through which they will pass to the top burners.

The direction of travel of the gases just referred to is best shown in Fig. 6.

In-turned ribs I26 at the side edges of liner 56 are adapted to engage the inwardly diverging walls of the bricks 54 disposed therebetween and since the ribs I26 and the edge walls of the bricks supplying the proper amount of air for combustion. A portion of the gases developed from combustion in the combustion chamber will pass into air ducts II through' openings and 86. An air supply to the air passage-way H which extends entirely around the stove is supplied through inlet 34 or openings 48. Due to the heating of the air 'in passage-way 4I it will tend to rise and pass through openings 94 to the intermix with the gases traveling upwardly through ducts II to support combustion at the top burners.

These top gas burners further facilitate the burning of combustible gases which arise from the bed or fuel above openings 86. The hot zone created just above the fuel bed together with a sumcient supply of air will greatly increase the combustion and decrease the B. t. u. loss through the chimney.

What I deem as new and desire to cover Letters Patent is:

I claim: v

1. A heating stove comprising a cylindrical housing having -a combustion chamber provided with an airinlet and a smoke outlet, a thin cylindrical lining spaced apart from said housing to form an air passage-way therebetween open to said air inlet and extending substantially the full length of said combustion chamber, relatively thick refractory lining members grooved on their outer surfaces to form with said thin lining a plurality of spaced apart gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber intermediate the top and bottom thereof and extending upwardly to terminate in inwardly directed transverse outlets, said thin lining having openings adjacent its top whereby air will pass apart from said housing to form an air passageway therebetween open to said a'irinlet and also having controlled air inlets through said housing wall, relatively thick refractory lining menibers grooved to. tonne plurality of spaced apart gas ducts communicating with said combustionchamber at a plurality of vertical levels intermediate the top and bottom thereof and extending upwardly to terminate in transverse outlets communicating with said combustion chamber, said thin lining having openings adjacent its top whereby air will pass into said gas ducts adjacent the transverse outlets;

3. A heating stove comprising a housing having a combustion chamber provided with a bottom air inlet and a top smoke outlet, 3. thin lining spaced apart from the side wall of said housvertically disposed spaced apart gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber, and terminating adjacent the top of said combustion chamber in inwardly directed outlets whereby air from said air passage will be mixed with th gas in said gas ducts.

4. Aheating stove comprising a housing having a combustion chamber provided witha bottom air inlet and a top smoke outlet, a thin lining spaced apart from the side wall of said housing to form an airpassage-way therebetween, open to said air inlet and having controlled air inlets from the outside through said housing wall, and outlet openings through said thin lining, relatively thick lining members formed to produce a plurality of vertically disposed gas ducts communicating with said-combustionchamber, and terminating adjacent the top of said combustion chamber in inwardly directed outlets whereby air from said air passage will be mixed with the gas in said gas ducts, and means engaging the top edge and-bottom inlets from the outside through said housing wall, and vertically spaced apart series of outletopenings through said thin lining means to vary the size or completely close the lower series of openings, relatively thick lining members formed to produce a plurality of vertically disposed gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber, and terminating adjacent the top of said combustion chamber in inwardly directed outlets whereby air from said air passage will be mixed with the gas in said gas ducts.

7. A heating stove comprising a housing, having an ash-pit, a combustion chamber positioned directly thereabove, and spaced apart therefrom by a grate, a top chamber above said combustion chamber, an air inlet to said ash-pit, a smoke outlet at the top of the housing, a relatively thin lining-spaced inwardly from the sidewall of said housing to form an air-passage therebetween open to said ash-pit and having outlet openings adjacent the top of said combustionchamber, relative thick lining members positioned in vertically disposed courses in said combustion chamber and formed to present a series of vertically disposed gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber and terminating adjacent the top of the combustion chamber in openings "communicating with the combustion chamber,

a liner positioned between adjacent member of the top course of lining members positioned against said housing with its side edges positioned between said housing and the thin liner.

8. A heating stove comprising a housing, havmg an ash-pit, a combustion chamber positioned directly. thereabove, and spaced apart there,- from by a grate, a top chamber above said combusti'on chamber, an air inlet to said ash-pit, a smoke outlet at the top of the housing, a relatively thin lining spaced inwardly from the side wall of said housing to form an air-passage therebetween open to said ash-pit and having outlet openings adjacent the top of said combustion chamber, relative thick lining members positioned in vertically disposed courses in said combustion chamber and formed to present a series of vertically disposed gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber and terurinating adjacent the top of the combustion chamber in openings communicating with the combustion chamber, a liner positioned bewteeu adjacent member of the top course of lining edge of said thick lining whereby it is secured tween, open to said .air inlet and having controlled air inlets from the outside through said housing wall, and outlet openings through said thin lining, relatively thick lining members poproduce a plurality of spaced apart vertically disposed gas ducts communicating with said combustion chamber, and terminating adjacent the 7 top ofsaid combustion chamber in inwardly directed outlets whereby air from said air passage will be mixed with the gas in said gas ducts.

6. A heating stove comprising-a housing having a combustion chamber provided with a bottom air inlet and a top smoke outlet, a thin lining spacedapart from the side wall of said housing to form an air passageway therebetween, open to said air inlet and having controlled air members positioned against said housing with its side edges positioned between said housing and the thin liner, and its lower edge portion formed inwardly to overlap the lining member therebelow and to form a passage-way for th gas from the gas ducts therebelow and direct it to the gas duets formed in the adjacent lining members.

, sitioned in a plurality of courses and formed to 9. A heating stove comprising a housing, having an ash-pit, a combustion chamber positioned directly thereabove, and spaced apart therefrom by a grate, a top chamber above said com- 1 bustion chamber, an air inlet to said ash-pit, a

smoke outlet at the top of the housing, a relawith said combustion chamber and terminating a adjacent the top of the combustion chamber in openings communicating with the combustion chamber, a liner positioned between adjacent member of the top course of lining members positioned against said housing with its side edges positioned between said housing and the thin liner, and its lower edge portion formed inwardly.to overlap the lining member therebelow and to form a passage-way for the gas from the gas ducts therebelow and direct it to the gas ducts formed in the adjacent lining members, and a. series of air ports formed through said side housing wall with adjustable closures whereby the amount of air to said air passage-way may be regulated independently of the air inlet to said ash-pit 10. A heating stove comprising an outer casing, a grate construction in said outer casing carried thereby, above the bottomthereof, a relatively thin liner spaced apart from said outer casing and extending upwardly from said grate construction to form a vertical air passageway communicating with the stove compartment below said grate, fire brick in said outer casin positioned around the inner periphery of said liner above the grate construction to define a fuel magazine with their inner faces, said fire brick having formed outer face portions thereof spaced from said liner to provide a series of spaced apart ducts extending upwardly from the grate construction and communicating with said fuel magazine.

11. A heating stove comprising an out/er casin a grate construction therein, a smoke outlet for said body member, a fuel inlet for said body member, an ash outlet for said body member, a metal lining carried bysaid grate construction within said casing in spaced relation to said outer casing, whereby an air passageway is formed therebetween to communicate with said ash pit, refractory members in said outer casing mounted on and extending upwardly from the grate construction to rest against the inner periphery of said metal lining, grooves formed in the outer faces of said refractory members whereby vertical ducts are defined by said bricks and said lining, said refractory members being formed to present passageways communicating with said ducts from the interior of said stove and openings formed through said lining intermediate the top and bottom thereof whereby air going through said air passageway will enter said ducts.

12. A heating stove comprising anouter casing, a grate construction in said outer casing and carried thereby above the bottom thereof, a metal liner resting on and extending upwardly from said grate construction and disposed in spaced relation to said outer casing to form an air passage therebetween which communicates with the stove below said grate, refractory slabs in said outer casing above the grate construction defining a fuel magazine with their inner faces and having outer grooved portions thereof spaced from the metal liner to provide vertically disposed flues from the grate construction communicating with the fuel magazine.

13. In a stove including an outer housing, a grate ring in said outer housing having openings formed therethrough, and a grate cooperating with said ring, a metal liner extending upwardly from said grate ring and spaced apart from said outer housing to form an air chamber therebetween communicating with the lower portion of said stove through said grate ring openings, a grooved refractory lining in said outer casing contacting the inner periphery of said metal lining to define a fuel magazine above the grate and cooperating with said metal liner to define fiues alongside of the fuel magazine to communicate with said fuel magazine.

14. A heating stove comprising a housing defining the combustion chamber, an apertured grat construction forming the bottom of the combustion chamber, a metal liner resting on and extending upwardly adjacent the top of said combustion chamber from said grate construction to form an air chamber between said housing and said liner, grooved fire brick carried by said grate construction and resting against said metal liner, whereby their inner surfaces form a fuel magazine and their outer surfaces define flues adjacent said magazine and said fire bricks providing passageways joining the magazine with the lines.

HUGO R. BLUMSTENGEL. 

